Early vegetative growth of tomatoes cultivated under different types and dosages of fertilizer applied in the drip irrigation system

Authors

  • R.R. Rukmowati Brotodjojo Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Yogyakarta
  • Oktavia S. Padmini Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Yogyakarta
  • Awang H. Pratomo Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Yogyakarta

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31098/ess.v1i1.138

Keywords:

dosage, drip irrigation, inorganic fertilizer, liquid organic fertilizer, tomato

Abstract

Nutrient availability will affect plant growth, especially at the early development of the plant. Organic and inorganic fertilizer provides a different level of the nutrient. This research aimed to study the early growth of tomato cultivated under different fertilizer types and dosages. The greenhouse experiment was set in a Randomized Completely Block Design. The treatments were various types of fertilizer (Liquid Organic Fertilizer/LOF, inorganic fertilizer, LOF+AB Mix), and different dosages per day (225 mL, 450 mL, 675 mL 900 mL). Tomatoes were planted in polybags in a greenhouse and with treatments according to the experimental design, each treatment was repeated three times. Fertilizer was applied together with irrigation water, as drip fertigation, and automatically set as to irrigate at 06.00 am. 12.00 pm, at 06.00 pm. The liquid fertilizer concentration applied was 5 mL/L. Plant height and number of leaves were observed every two days for two weeks. The results showed there was no interaction between fertilizer type and fertilizer dosage in affecting plant height and number of leaves during early vegetative growth of tomato plant, except for plant height at 8 daps (days after planting) and 10 dap. Until 6 daps, application of inorganic fertilizer and 225 mL liquid fertilizer/day resulted in significantly higher plant height than other treatments. However, at 8 daps until 16 daps, the application of LOF+ NPK Mix and 450 mL liquid fertilizer/day resulted in significantly higher plant height and a higher number of plant leaves than other treatments. This result indicating that mixed between inorganic and organic fertilizer support better growth of tomato plant at their early stage. Further study, examining the effect of types of fertilizer and fertilizer dosage supplied in drip irrigation on the yield and quality of tomato is needed to confirm the recent results.

References

Amor, M.A. del. & Amor, F.M. del. 2007 Response of tomato plants to deficit irrigation under surface or subsurface drip irrigation. Journal of Applied Horticulture, 9(2): 97-100.

Harmanto, V.M., Salokhe, M.S., Babel, M.S., Tantau, H.J. 2005. Water requirement of drip-irrigated tomatoes grown in a greenhouse in a tropical environment. Agricultural Water Management 71: 225- 242.

Ismail, S.M., K. Ozawaand N.A. Khondaker. 2007. Effect Of irrigation Frequency And Timing On Tomato Yield, Soil Water Dynamics, And Water Use Efficiency Under Drip Irrigation. Eleventh International Water Technology Conference, IWTC11 2007 Sharm El-Sheik, Egypt, 69-84.

Ismail, S.M., Ozawa, K., Khondaker, N.A. 2008. Influence of single and multiple water application timings on yield and water use efficiency in tomato (variety First power). Agricultural Water Management 95: 116-122.

Lawlor, D.W. 2002. Carbon and nitrogen assimilation in relation to yield: mechanisms are the key to understanding production systems. J. Exp. Botany, 53 (370): 773–787.

Kafkafi, U. & Kant, S. 2005. Fertigation. Encyclopedia of Soils in the Environment, p.1-9

Mahajan, G. & Singh, K.G. 2006. The response of greenhouse tomato to irrigation and fertigation. Agricultural Water Management 84: 202- 206

Marschner, P. 2012. Marschner’s Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants, 3rd ed., Academic Press: London, UK, pp. 178–189.

Mulyani, A. & Sarwani, M. 2013. Karakteristik dan Potensi Lahan Sub Optimal untuk Pengembangan Pertanian di Indonesia, Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan, Vol.7, No. 1, 47-55.

Mustadjab H. K. 2000. Respon Kedelai (Glycine max L.) terhadap Inokulasi Jamur Mikoriza Vesikular Arbuskular (MVA) dan Aplikasi Pupuk Kascing pada Ketersediaan Air Tanah Bervariasi selama Periode Pengisian Polong. Disertasi Pascasarjana Univ. Padjadjaran Bandung.

Naswir, Hardjoamidjojo, S., Panjaitan, N.H. & Pawitan, H. 2009. Efektivitas system fertigasi mikro untuk lahan sempit. Forum Pascasarjana. Vol 32, No 1. 45-54.

Nuruddin, M.M., Madramootoo, C.A., Dodds, G.T. 2003. Effects of water stress at different growth stages on greenhouse tomato yield and quality. HortScience, 38: 1389-1393.

Setiawan C. K. 2016. Pengaruh Konsetrasi Pupuk Organik Cair diperkaya Rhizobakteri osmotoleran terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Padi Cekaman Kekeringan. Plant Tropica Journal of Science. Vol. 4. No 2.

Simms, M.J. 2005. Sedentary Processes: Karst and Palaeokarst. Encyclopedia of Geology, p. 678-687

Soepiandie, D. 2013. Fisiologi Adaptasi Tanaman terhadap Cekaman Abiotik pada Agroekosistem Tropika. IPB Press. Kampus IPB Taman Kencana Bogor.

Subantoro, R. 2014. Pengaruh cekaman kekeringan terhadap Respon fisiologis perkecambahan benih Kacang tanah (arachis hypogaea l). Mediagro 10 (2): 32-44.

Sureshkumar, P., Geetha, P., Narayanan Kutty, M.C., Narayanan Kutty, C. & Pradeepkumar, T. 2016. Fertigation - the key component of precision farming. Journal of Tropical Agriculture 54 (2): 103-114.

Sweeting, M.M. (1968) Karst. In: Geomorphology. Encyclopedia of Earth Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-31060-6_199

Totok A. D. H. & Rahayu, A.Y. 2004. Analisis Efisiensi Serapan N, Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Beberapa Kultivar Baru dengan Cekaman Kekeringan dan Pemberian Pupuk Hayati. Agrosains 6. (2) 70-74.

Vance, C.P., Uhde-Stone, C., & Allan, D.L. 2003. Phosphorus acquisition and use: critical adaptations by plants for securing a nonrenewable resource. New Phytologist 157: 423-447.

Wang et al., 2013) Wang, M., Zheng, Q., Shen, Q. & Guo, S. 2013.The Critical Role of Potassium in Plant Stress Response. Intl. J Mol. Sci. 14: 7370-7390.

Downloads

Published

2020-10-27

Issue

Section

Articles