RSF Conference Proceeding Series: Medical and Health Science

Using Integrated Intervention Strategies for Improvement of Health Behavior: A Case Study Across Community Health Service in Indonesia

Muflih Muflih — 2023-03-16

Health behaviour in hypertension sufferers, a non-communicable disease (NCDs), becomes a serious health problem if it is not followed by good knowledge and treatment skills. Improvement of this condition requires several interventions that must be integrated but require scientific evidence. This research aims to prove scientifically and provide solutions to improve health behaviour problems at risk in society. We used some interventions that were applied and integrated with community health service based on a mutual agreement: health education, group therapy, and the promotion of physical exercise. The number of research subjects was 53 adults at risk of hypertension in Wedomartani Village, Sleman, Yogyakarta. Data collection was carried out in June-July 2022 and used interview and observation techniques using outcome indicators, knowledge level and health maintenance skills. The results showed an increase of 32.0% in knowledge and health maintenance of 36.0% for non-communicable disease prevention behaviour by making warm water therapy combined with basil leaf infusion to lower blood pressure. There is an increased understanding of the processing of meat ingredients and the calculation of healthy eating portions. Likewise, there was an increase in the subjects’ activity to participate in physical exercise activities for hypertension exercise. The result was a decreasing prevalence of hypertension -24.5%. This study concluded that the combination of the three intervention strategies that have been given could be a choice of solution to the problem of health behaviour in adults with a risk of hypertension.

Status and Condition of Young Adults in Jakarta Regency Under the Influence of COVID-19: A Secondary Data Study

Nunuk Nugrohowati — 2023-03-16

The role of young adults aged can determine the current condition of the pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19. There has been no report on the discharge status of young adults to date. An overview of the status and condition of the young adult is essential to report. A cross-sectional study was used, with the samples confirming COVID-19 cases in patients aged 18-25. They were the 384 patients without and with vaccination, respectively. Inclusion criteria are positive confirmed patients hospitalized for the first time, have been examined by PCR, and pregnant young adults being excluded; related factors were identified using multivariate analysis. Young adults as non-vaccinated patients and death in males 3 (21.4%), females 11 (78.6%), with 174 (47%) in males and 196 (53%) females of the cases recovered with three comorbidities. The initial symptoms in recovered patients were cough, fever, anosmia, cold, headache and sore throat. In vaccinated patients, the men who recovered were 181 (47.1%), women 203 (52.9%), and no one died. In non-vaccinated patients, there was a relationship between the discharged status of the patient and gender (OR = 2.314; 95% CI = 1.25 to 5.67; p =0.034) and anosmia (OR = 4.21; CI = 2.57 to 10.24; p = 0.017). This study reported that the initial symptoms felt in non-vaccinated and recovered young adult patients were cough, fever, anosmia, cold, headache and sore throat with three comorbidities, and those were associated with gender and anosmia.

Diabetes-Related Knowledge and Dietary In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at the Community Health Center (CHC) Pancoran Mas District, Depok, West Java

Nur Apriyan — 2023-03-16

Diabetes mellitus is a degenerative disease that is a threat to world health at this time. This study aimed to determine the correlation between knowledge, diet, age, and the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus at the Pancoran Mas District Health Center, Depok. This type of analytic survey research uses a cross-sectional design. The population in this study were patients who visited the diabetes mellitus polyclinic in June-September 2022. The number of samples was 107 people, and the sampling technique used accidental sampling. The variables studied were knowledge, dietary habits, age group, and diabetes mellitus—common knowledge, including etiology, symptoms, and risk factors. Dietary habits include a person's lifestyle according to the amount, schedule, and type of food consumed. Data analysis uses the chi-square test and then the Multiple Logistic Regression test. This study showed that 22.4% had diabetes mellitus, 88.8% had good knowledge, 52.3% had good dietary habits, and 84.5% were aged less than 45 years. The bivariate analysis results showed that the knowledge variable was p-value = 0.001, an eating pattern was p-value = 0.001, age group was p-value = 0.003, and multivariate analysis proved that diet was the most dominant variable in the incidence of diabetes mellitus. It was concluded that the variables of knowledge, diet, and age group were related to type 2 diabetes mellitus, while the most dominant variable was diet. The recommendation from this study result is to keep blood sugar levels under control, patients should adjust their diet according to the schedule and the amount and type of food consumed by diabetic patients.

Diversity of Traditional Fermented Foods: Sucrose and Reducing Sugar Analysis of Various Fermented-Cassava

Debora Helsius SB — 2023-03-16

Cassava and its various fermented products are one of the local foods in Indonesia. The fermentation process can have different effects on food, both in taste and nutritional value. Changes in sucrose and reduced sugar levels during fermentation play a role in determining food effects in various health disorders. This study aims to describe the impact of cassava fermentation on different fermented products (tape, growol, gathot) in terms of sucrose and reducing sugar levels. This observational laboratory research was done through two stages, i.e., qualitative and quantitative analysis. The qualitative analysis examined carbohydrates' presence (monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides) through the Molisch test, Benedict's test, and the Iodine test. Quantitative analysis was carried out to determine sucrose and reducing sugar levels using three replicates with the Nelson-Somogyi test. The research was conducted in January-July 2019 at Universitas Respati Yogyakarta and Chem-mix Pratama Laboratory. The statistical analysis used was One Way Anova at a 5% significance level and continued with the Tukey test. Qualitative tests showed cassava, tape, growol, and gathot contained monosaccharides and polysaccharides. Benedict's test results showed that growol did not have reducing sugars. The quantitative test showed Growol's reducing sugar content was the lowest (0.32%) compared to cassava (0.95%), tape (14.87%), and gathot (11.12%). The highest sucrose content was in cassava (4.77%) followed by growol (2.36%), tape (1.47%), and gathot (0.78%). There were significant differences in sucrose and reducing sugars levels between cassava, tape, growol, and gathot (p<0.001). In conclusion, growol is a fermented food that can be used as a functional food.

Factors Related to Nursing Students’ Competence in Pandemic Situation

Wahyu Rochdiat Murdhiono — 2023-03-16

Due to the epidemic, nursing students were barred from practising in hospitals throughout their co-assistance phase. A comprehensive examination of their perceptions of their skills throughout this period will help enhance education, eliminate gaps, and produce well-trained nurses. Therefore, this study examines co-assistant nursing students' perspectives on their competency and the factors that influence it. The research method was a correlational survey approach. There were 297 co-assistant nursing students chosen as a sample using a consecutive sampling technique from 1085 co-assistant nursing students who were registered at PD-DIKTI. The Nurse Professional Competence Scale Short Form (NPCS-SF), which has 35 items, was used to measure the clinical competence of respondents. Bivariate analysis used the Chi-Square test with a 95% confidence interval, while multivariate analysis used Logistic Regression. From the research process, this study found that most respondents perceive that they are less competent in learning during this pandemic (71.4%). It also can be concluded that respondents' satisfaction with learning methods and facilities is significantly related to students' competence (<0.05). Based on the value of OR, respondents who are satisfied with the learning method during the pandemic will be 1.7 times the opportunity to be competent compared to those who do not. From the logistic regression results, only the respondents' satisfaction with learning facilities during the pandemic significantly affected their perceptions of their competence. In conclusion, the clinical competence of co-assistance nursing students is strongly influenced by the learning facilities they get. Pandemic conditions cause students to not be facilitated optimally at a hospital or other clinical settings, ultimately reducing their confidence in the competencies experienced.

The Sedentary Time and Physical Activity Level of Adulthood: Comparative by Age and Gender Group

Asyifa Robiatul Adawiyah — 2023-03-16

In adulthood, physical activity provides benefits for health outcomes. Watching television, using a computer while sitting, and driving too long can make the sedentary time longer, eventually reducing physical activity. Therefore, this study aimed to associate sedentary time with physical activity level and compared the sedentary time and physical activity levels by age and gender. This study uses a descriptive-analytic with a cross-sectional approach to finding the association of sedentary time with physical activity level compared by age and gender group. The data was conducted from 179 adult participants located from inside and outside of Java Island, Indonesia was invited to participate in this study. Measurement of sedentary time and physical activity level used the International Physical Activity Questionnaire short-form (IPAQ-SF). Through the research process, this study found that the average age of study participants is 38.69 years old (SD±11.99; min-max=19-65 years old). Sedentary time, described through sitting time, is associated with physical activity level (OR 18.67; 95%CI= 8.48-41.08). Males on 19-44 years old group had greater physical activity total scores (1694.93 MET-minutes a week; SD ± 1256.46; min-max=0-4620) than females (1095.95 MET-minutes a week SD ± 824.66; min-max=0-3756). There are no different physical activity scores between males and females in the 45-65 age group. In conclusion, sedentary time is related to the level of physical activity performed. Individuals who do low physical activity spend more time on sedentary behaviours, which ultimately have an impact on decreasing their health outcomes and have a higher risk of developing NCD.

Assistance for the Elderly with Dementia by Caregivers at the Nursing Home

Tri Suratmi — 2023-03-16

The incidence of Alzheimer's dementia worldwide is increasing rapidly. It is estimated that nearly 50 million people are diagnosed with dementia worldwide and 20.9 million in Asia Pacific. In Indonesia, it is estimated that there were around 1.2 million people with dementia in 2016, which will increase to 2 million in 2030 and 4 million people in 2050. The elderly/people with dementia need assistance from family members to carry out daily activities because of its limitations. This research aims to understand the needs of elderly people with dementia and caregivers who accompany them in nursing homes, to develop dignified services. The research was conducted in Jakarta with 22 research subjects, consisting of 10 elderly with dementia and ten caregivers as the primary informants and two key informants who were the caretakers of the nursing home. The method used is qualitative, with data collection techniques through participant observation, in-depth interviews, document studies, and Focus Group Discussions. Data analysis used the Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) method. The results showed that all elderly with dementia had a history of comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, stroke, psychosis, insomnia, dyslipidemia, presbycusis), so they experienced moderate to severe dependence, which indicated the need for long-term care. Meanwhile, all caregivers are formal caregivers (not from the family) but have not received adequate education and training on dementia and methods of assisting the elderly with dementia.

Research on Covid-19 Human Security Disaster Management in Indonesia Using VOSviewer Bibliometrics

Yeyen Subandi — 2023-03-16

The research that has been completed is to take a gander at the treatment of the Coronavirus human security catastrophe in Indonesia, which is ordered by Scopus. Alluding to the assertion from the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) concerning human security, there are seven regions concerning well-being security, ecological security, food security, financial security, individual security, local area security, and political security. Of the seven fields, one of them involves well-being security, and the Coronavirus Pandemic has something to do with well-being matters which fall into the classification of the well-being security area. UNDP characterizes well-being security as insurance from illnesses and unfortunate ways of life, undermining lacking medical services, new and intermittent infections including pestilences, pandemics, unfortunate nourishment, and risky ways of life. No exploration has seen that the Coronavirus Pandemic is important for a debacle that is remembered for the classification of human security. This review took information online through the Scopus data set, which was then dissected using the VOSviewer bibliometric representation. The discoveries in this study are that the Coronavirus Pandemic fiasco is a human medical condition that falls into the classification of the field of human security, and scholastics and scientists from Indonesia as yet direct very few examinations, finding just 25 reports in a hunt on 12 February 2023 from the Scopus data set.

The WHO Active Aging Pillars and Their Relationship with Quality of Life in Older Adults Indonesian

Lili Indrawati — 2023-03-16

One of humanity’s outstanding accomplishments is population aging, with the elderly offering valuable resources and significantly contributing to the structure of our societies. Concurrently, this aging population poses enormous challenges, as it needs more significant economic and social requirements. This research aims to consider active aging factors to increase the quality of life of older people. The research design was qualitative and quantitative analysis with cross-sectional for the case studies and evaluations in three areas of active aging by collecting data through interviews, focus group discussions with the elderly, caregivers, and direct observation. Geriatric assessment instruments of the Geriatric Division of Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital (RSCM) were used for diagnosis. EQ-5D index score Indonesia version was applied to measure the quality of life, with 0,692 cut-off points for the low and high. From the study results, it was found that routinely carrying out health checks, being grateful, social activities, cooperation, and participating in/out of the environment is significantly related to the quality of life of the elderly. In addition, occupational status and the number of illnesses are also significantly related to the quality of life, while cognitive function tends to be significant. Physical participation, social participation, and experience of falling were significantly correlated with quality of life. Health check-up behavior was also significantly correlated with health quality of life. Based on the resulting study, it is recommended for future studies would be better if they could cover social security, including pensions, as pensions are the most essential source of security that will directly affect the welfare of the elderly.

Factors Related to Community Preparedness in Dealing with a Mountain Disaster Erupting: A Literature Review

Wayan Siwa Ananda — 2023-03-16

Indonesia is an archipelagic country with the longest volcano in the world. Indonesia has 127 active volcanoes or about 13% of the world's active volcanoes in Indonesia. That makes this country has the largest number of volcanoes in the world. To prevent the occurrence of many casualties during a volcanic disaster, community preparedness is needed in dealing with disasters. Therefore, this study wants to know the factors related to community preparedness in dealing with volcanic eruption disasters based on a literature review. There are several search engines to find relevant journal articles, including Google Scholar, Proquest, and Pubmed, then established inclusion and exclusion criteria using the PICOS method to select and evaluate the quality of papers related to the topic. The search keywords employed were "preparedness factors" and "volcanic eruptions" for Google Scholar and "preparedness factors" and "volcano eruption" for ProQuest and PubMed. The journal article search instrument or tool used is zetero. Through study literature, it shows that there are factors related to the community's preparedness to face a disaster of volcano eruptive; It is the factor of knowledge and attitude. There are several differences in the research findings for knowledge and attitude factors. One researcher establishes a link between preparedness and knowledge and attitudes, and several knowledge and attitude studies do not discuss the link between community preparedness and volcanic eruptions. Meanwhile, there is no mention of the relationship between community preparedness and volcanic eruptions in the policy and guiding considerations, disaster plans, early warning systems, or resource mobilization capabilities. There is a link between knowledge and attitudes toward community preparedness to face a volcanic eruption. In contrast, from 6 articles, there was no discussion about the relationships between policy factors and guidelines, disaster plans, early warning systems, and resource mobilization capacity for community preparedness to face a disaster of volcanic eruptions.

Correlations Between Knowledge About Landslides and Preparedness for Disasters: Cross-Sectional Study

Shintia Indriani — 2023-03-16

Landslide events in Indonesia are often caused by high rainfall and unstable mountain slopes. With these conditions, the risk of landslides is higher if the rainy season occurs. Landslide disasters cause loss of life and property and disrupt the order of life. Reducing the risk of disaster impacts can be reduced by increasing preparedness in dealing with disasters. This study aimed to determine the relationship between knowledge about landslides and community preparedness in Hargowilis village. This type of research is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional research design. The sampling technique used in this study was purposive sampling, with a sample size of 102 heads of households in Hargowilis Kokap Kulonprogo village. The measuring instrument used is a landslide disaster knowledge questionnaire and a disaster preparedness questionnaire—statistical data analysis using the Chi-Square test. Based on the characteristics of the respondents, most of them were aged 50-59 years (25.6%0, the majority were male (82.4%), most of them had high school education (42.2%), and most of them were farmers (51%). Most knowledge about landslides is in the moderate category (46.1), and the Preparedness Level is mostly in the high category (64.7). Landslide disaster with disaster preparedness in the village of Hargowilis Kokap Kulonprogo There is a significant relationship between knowledge of landslide disasters and disaster preparedness in the village of Hargowilis Kokap Kulonprogo. This research can provide information about the relationship between knowledge and preparedness for landslide disasters so that people can understand the importance of having sufficient knowledge and good preparedness in dealing with this disaster.

Anticipate Stunting by Assisting Teenage Girls with Focus Group Discussion Method at Islamic Boarding Schools, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Fery Lusviana Widiany — 2023-03-16

Nutritional problems experienced by adolescents include anaemia, malnutrition, and obesity. Teenage girls who live in Al Fadhilah Islamic boarding schools have poor eating patterns, both in quality and quantity. This community service activity was carried out to anticipate stunting incidents through mentoring teenage girls at Islamic boarding schools. Activities include filling out the knowledge questionnaires related to stunting, the measurements of anthropometric, blood pressure, and haemoglobin levels, and the focus group discussion with the theme of the link between stunting and nutritional status, including hypertension and anaemia, as a form of assistance to participants in community service activities. A focus group discussion was held one time, only at the time of initial data collection. The activity results reported that most teenage girls had normal nutritional status based on anthropometry, were not stunted, did not have hypertension, and did not have anaemia. Community service activities in the form of accompanying teenage girls at Islamic boarding schools have not been able to improve the nutritional status of teenage girls significantly because the assistance efforts have not been carried out optimally, which is only done once at the beginning of the activity in the form of a focus group discussion so that it has not been able to change the behaviour of teenage girls.

Portable Device for Aedes Sp Larva Suction with Mechanical Electric Methods: Innovation in Control of DHF Disease

Nur Alvira Pascawati — 2023-03-16

Controlling Aedes Sp larvae is an essential component in the Integrated Mosquito Management (IMM) program because when mosquitoes are removed before they become adults, there will be no transmission of vector-borne diseases, especially DHF. However, physical, chemical, and biological control is still not optimal because it is considered resistant, less sensitive, effective, and efficient, especially in scarce clean water. The research aims to make and test the effectiveness of the innovative portable Aedes Sp larvae sucker using the electric-mechanical method. This type of research is an actual experiment in the laboratory test stage and quasi-experimental in the field test. This innovation is a pump with a suction power of 1400 litres/hour and 1800 litres/hour equipped with an AC electric motor connected to an inverter circuit. On the laboratory scale, it was tested on 1,500 instars III and IV Aedes aegypti larvae, and on a field scale, it was tested on 45 containers in Endemic Village, Klaten Regency. Data analysis used the Pearson Correlation, independent sample, and Cochran tests. Laboratory test results showed that the time to catch all Aedes Sp larvae in containers with a volume of 80 litres and 90 litres using a power of 1400 litres/hour took 60 seconds and 138 seconds, while with a power of 1800 litres/hour, it took 33 seconds and 110 seconds. The speed of the number of Aedes Sp larvae caught is affected by the volume of water >=20 litres with a water level of > 8 cm. This tool was tested in the community at 43 houses and 45 positive larvae containers. The result show that with a power of 1800 litres/second, the time needed to suck the larvae in a bathtub-type container with a volume of 80-85 litres is 122.14 seconds, while a container with a volume of 86-90 litres is 208.67 seconds. A crock-type container with a volume of 80-85 litres takes 87.80 seconds, while a volume of 86-90 litres takes 98 seconds. This tool can reduce the presence of larvae at home from 61.43% to 3.77% and the density of larvae in containers from 38.14% to 5.56%. This means that this tool is declared effective, efficient, and sensitive in reducing the density of Aedes Sp larvae compared to physical methods.

Watermelon (Citrullus vulgaris schard) and Melon (Cucumis melo) Effective Reduce Blood Pressure in Prehypertension Patients

Yuni Lestari — 2023-03-16

Cases of hypertension based on the number of cases of hypertension patients in Indonesia nationally experienced an increase in hypertension in residents aged 18 years above who experienced hypertension from 25.8% in 2013 to 2018, as many as 34.1% based on doctors' diagnoses and people taking antihypertensive drugs as many as 8.8%. Efforts that can be made to treat high blood pressure can use watermelons and melons. To determine the effect of watermelons and melons on blood pressure in people with prehypertension in Giyanten Hamlet, Temanggung Regency. The research design uses an experimental design with a pretest and post-test control group design; the sampling technique uses simple random sampling. Population aged 25-50 years, the study sample was 30 in the intervention group and 30 in the control group; data analysis used paired t-test and independent t-test. The average pretest systolic blood pressure in the intervention group given watermelon and melon fruit was 126.90 mmHg and 82.70 mmHg diastolic. After being given treatment, systolic 118.30 mmHg and diastolic 79.73 mmHg with a p-value of 0.000. In the control group, the systolic pretest blood pressure was 119.17 mmHg and 82.10 mmHg diastolic, while the post-test blood pressure in the control group was 122.93 mmHg systolic and 83.37 mmHg diastolic with a p-value of 0.000. There is an effect of the consumption of watermelons and melons on systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Patients given watermelon and melon consumption experienced an average decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, while in the control group, blood pressure increased.